Metric based upscaling. The exact fine-grid spatial problems typically require some reduction i… Mar 7, 2025 · Pixel art, a distinct digital art form, features prominently in indie games, retro-style graphics, and various creative projects, and it relies heavily on visible pixels to construct an image. For temporal discretization, implicit methods are often used. General tooth boundary conditions for equation free modeling. But while those technologies are mainly focused on PC gaming, PSSR is custom-built for PlayStation’s architecture. F. (C) We combined multiple Hi-C similarity metrics, correlation-based metrics and downstream analyses, like chromatin loops and TAD recovery analysis, to provide a comprehensive report that we can use to analyze the performance of each upscaling model. We show that half of the information is lost in the process: an upscaled metric and an upscaled measure of volumes. Most existing methods are either based on the assumption of scale sepa Full description Apr 1, 2025 · To address these complexities, we propose a novel upscaling framework that integrates flow-based upscaling methods for transmissibility, well index, and relative permeability, as well as a steady-state upscaling method for heterogeneous capillary pressure. By increasing the resolution of data, analysts can uncover hidden patterns and relationships that may not be visible in lower-resolution datasets. Nov 24, 2023 · Through these three actions, Biophilia Upscaling exactly matches the three-metric approach guiding this SLR. Nov 22, 2024 · Upscale or downscale recipes with precision. Sep 9, 2021 · The results indicate that, in upscaling, it is almost comparable with the classical Bicubic resizing method with slightly better metrics, but in downscaling a much higher performance has been observed in comparison with Bicubic and other recent methods too. As such, both problems can be thought of as recovering a target function based on some coarse data The quantization-based bounds involve the following steps: computing the Wasserstein metric on the quantized measures, upscaling the dual potentials or couplings to the original scale, and the calculation of weighted total variation correction terms. The technique is based on the recently developed NLMC method. C mm. Pure. May 1, 2007 · Request PDF | Metric‐based upscaling | We consider divergence form elliptic operators in dimension n ge; 2 with L∞ coefficients. Several methods, like nearest neighbor interpolation, bilinear The submitted manuscript „Biophilia upscaling“ by Lefosse et al. In particular, problems with non-separable scales pose a great challenge to mathematical analysis and simulation. Abstract Nonlinear time fractional partial differential equations are widely used in modeling and simulations. Aggregation-based upscaling has recently emerged as a favorable In this paper, we develop deep learning based nonlinear upscaling for nonlinear transport equations with heterogeneous velocity. Define scaling policies: Set up scaling policies based on CPU utilization, request metrics, or custom metrics. In this thesis, we present rigorous results on homogenizationof The dynamic image upscaling application uses various methods like Classical, Deep Learning, GAN-based, and Diffusion models to improve image quality. Jun 10, 2025 · Learn about scaling in Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS), including the horizontal pod autoscaler, cluster autoscaler, and Azure Container Instances. Communications on Pure and pplied Mathematics, 60:675{723, 20 [46] A. The main contribution of this research is a new insight into fusing LiDAR The quantization-based bounds involve the following steps: computing the Wasserstein metric on the quantized measures, upscaling the dual potentials or couplings to the original scale, and the calculation of weighted total variation correction terms. ABSTRACT In this paper, we develop a space-time upscaling framework that can be used for many challenging porous media applications without scale separation and high contrast. Finding answers to these questions will enlighten researchers on the implementation of SEB models for estimating ET. M solution and so e of their applic Mathematics in Science and Engineering. In this thesis, we present rigorous results on homogenization of partial differential equations with L [infinity] coefficients which allow for a continuum of spatial and temporal scales. - Free Online Library The Free Library > Science and Technology > Environmental issues >Sustainability >November 1, 2023 The Free Library > Date > 2023 > November > 1 > Sustainability Mar 12, 2024 · A comprehensive review of image super-resolution metrics: classical and AI-based approaches Mar 29, 2019 · Abstract. . Calculate recipe costs. For implicit methods, though the time step can be relatively Aug 1, 2017 · A deep learning based nonlinear upscaling method for transport equations Preprint Jul 2020 Tak Shing Au Yeung Eric T. For solving these problems, one often uses coarse spatial grid for spatial resolution. 45 * T, thereby reducing the total number of inference steps by 55\% for all models. 238 whole-field-average yields data and 3674 yield maps data) were compared with the performances of ML models using only 238 data of yields (i. In particular, problems with non-separable scales pose a great challenge to mathe-matical analysis and simulation. This work synthesized a robust and economically viable solid This paper provides a comprehensive theoretical-practical framework on Biophilia, BD, and BU through a 60-year systematic literature review based on a three-metric approach (quality, quantity, and application). This research fills the research gap of fusing LiDAR and multispectral fusion sensors for AGB upscaling, which addresses the scale mismatch between ground AGB measurements with satellite monitoring. Chung Simon See Nov 1, 2023 · Over the past a couple of decades, a large number of multiscale methods have been developed for multiscale elliptic problems in the literature, such as the multiscale finite element method (MsFEM) [4], [5], wavelet homogenization techniques [6], the heterogeneous multiscale method (HMM) [7], [8], the metric-based upscaling [9], and the local Mar 31, 2025 · We adopt five image upscaling settings, aiming to upscale the low-resolution image with various upscaling ratios and aspect ratios. Although solutions of these operators are only | Find, read Once the correct coarse parame- ters are identified (the bulk quantities and the up-scaled metric), one can try to model, estimate or simulate them but the first step is to identify them. In this paper, we present an upscaling method for problems in perforated domains with non-homogeneous boundary conditions on perforations. Try it now for free and increase the resolution of your images online, in just a few clicks. Sep 11, 2024 · Learn about the benefits and limitations of stable diffusion upscaling, a cutting-edge technique for enhancing image resolution, with best practices and comparisons of top upscalers. Think of it as Sony’s answer to NVIDIA’s DLSS (Deep Learning Super Sampling) and AMD’s FSR. Get high-quality images with iLoveIMG's advanced AI upscaling tool. Mar 15, 2011 · We recognize two general groups of river network upscaling algorithms, based on the spatial dimension of information used for determining coarse-scale flow directions and river network structure. Most existing methods are either based on the assumption of scale separation or heuristic arguments. The paper addresses a numerical method for solving second order elliptic partial differential equations that describe fields inside heterogeneous media. Z ang. Jul 24, 2024 · In this paper, we discuss a general framework for multicontinuum homogenization. Zhang. Convert between metric, US, and imperial units. A comprehensive guide for research… In this paper, we propose a stochastic mixed multiscale finite element method. During regional denoising, we set the timestep t in the diffuse-then-denoise strategy to be 0. You can also scale based on a schedule. The proposed method solves the stochastic porous media flow equation on the coarse grid using a set of precomputed basis functions. This paper provides a comprehensive theoretical-practical framework on Biophilia, BD, and BU through a 60-year systematic literature review based on a three-metric approach (quality, quantity, and This paper provides a comprehensive theoretical-practical framework on Biophilia, BD, and BU through a 60-year systematic literature review based on a three-metric approach (quality, quantity, and application). As such, both problems can be thought of as recovering a target function based on some coarse data This paper provides a comprehensive theoretical-practical framework on Biophilia, BD, and BU through a 60-year systematic literature review based on a three-metric approach (quality, quantity, and application). The scope is general and treats the case of Abstract Numerical upscaling of problems with multiple scale structures have attracted increasing attention in recent years. selector labels, and obtains the metrics from either the resource metrics API (for per-pod resource metrics), or the custom metrics API (for all other metrics). May 11, 2005 · While much more efficient and inexpensive in practice, standard upscaling techniques and multiscale methods employing some local information often fail to accurately transfer the fine scale Most existing methods are either based on the assumption of scale separation or heuristic arguments. D. Its job? Apr 16, 2025 · Phantom-based validation of AI-based algorithms allows for a detailed assessment of the performance, limitations, and generalizability of deep-learning based algorithms for PET image enhancement. Apr 1, 2022 · Nevertheless, there are some associated drawbacks, as it depends heavily on applied boundary conditions and involves numerical simulations that can be time-consuming. There are several methods for image upscaling, including classical techniques, deep learning methods, GAN-based approaches, and diffusion-based models. Appl. Over 3700 valid participants have selected the most visually appealing upscaling result in many pairwise comparisons. Save, load, and share recipes via links or printable PDFs. In many applications, there are high contrast changes in media properties. Aug 14, 2025 · ABSTRACT Large-scale aboveground biomass (AGB) monitoring based on remote sensing is crucial for herbaceous communities. Mar 18, 2025 · We further demonstrate the integration of gradient-aware upscaling into the gradient-based optimization of a 3DGS model and analyze its effects on reconstruction quality and performance. Kumar. It displays the original image, its downscaled version, and the enhanced version of the downscaled image. Here, we present estimates of daily CH4 fluxes obtained using a new machine learning-based wetland CH4 upscaling framework (WetCH4) that combines the most complete database of eddy-covariance (EC) observations available to date with satellite remote-sensing-informed observations of environmental conditions at 10 km resolution. An introduction to fractional derivatives, fractional di erential equations, to methods of their solution and some of their applica y conditions for equation free Aug 15, 2021 · In this paper, we study temporal splitting algorithms for multiscale problems. For problems exhibiting scale separation with low contrast medium, single continuum upscaling models have matured considerably. For implicit methods, though the time step can be relatively Boumediene Hamzi Department of Computing and Mathematical Sciences, Caltech & The Alan Turing Institute Nov 7, 2023 · This paper provides a comprehensive theoretical-practical framework on Biophilia, BD, and BU through a 60-year systematic literature review based on a three-metric approach (quality, quantity, and L'objectif de l'analyse multifractale est de determiner la dimension des ensembles de points ou la fonction a une regularite holderienne fixee. This process can involve various techniques, such as interpolation, which estimates unknown values based on known data points Numerical upscaling of problems with multiple scale structures have attracted increasing attention in recent years. Jul 12, 2024 · Continuous upsurge of biodiesel production globally makes valorizing waste glycerol from the biodiesel industry the best option to create a new market and enhance the durability of biodiesel production. Aug 5, 2025 · Understand the latest techniques, models, and applications of image super-resolution in deep learning and computer vision. The existing literature indicates numerous application metrics supporting a robust Biophilia Upscaling through research by design. M. This cloud-based technique eliminates the need for sophisticated hardware and enables users to upscale photographs using laptops, tablets, or cell phones. Kevrekidis. In this work, we focus on upscaling problems with non-separable scales, which is both important for applications and far from understood from a mathematical point of view. [5] The cell-to-cell (CTC) based algorithms use 0-dimension information to define flow direction. El Amin, Y. We address this issue by proposing a new method preserving that information. Flow and Transpor in Porous Media: A M In this paper, we study domain decomposition preconditioners for multiscale flows in high-contrast media. Solketal, a fuel additive that can be synthesized from biowaste glycerol, is a highly desirable chemical in various industries. As such, both problems can be thought of as recovering a target function based on some coarse data Institute of Natural Sciences and School of Mathematical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University - Cited by 1,456 - multiscale modeling simulation and analysis - numerical homogenization - atomistic/continuum coupling Oct 16, 2006 · This new numerical homogenization method is based on the transfer of a new metric in addition to traditional averaged (homogenized) quantities from subgrid scales into computational scales. Importance of Upscaling in Data Analysis In data analysis, upscaling is crucial for obtaining more precise results. New developments in unstructured aggregation-based upscaling are presented that improve the flexibility of coarsening designs and enable a more integrated reservoir simulation workflow. Our main focus is on nonlinear differential equations with multiscale coefficients. May 11, 2005 · Download a PDF of the paper titled Metric based up-scaling, by Houman Owhadi and Lei Zhang Oct 16, 2006 · This new numerical homogenization method is based on the transfer of a new metric in addition to traditional averaged (homogenized) quantities from subgrid scales into computational scales. In works such as [8, 27, 25, 26, 16, 17, 22, 24, 4, 2 Oct 26, 2024 · (3) what are the trends in upscaling techniques; and (4) what are the trends in validation metrics and performance of the different SEB models. The main issues of this 31 page manuscript with its 126 references are presented clearly, theoretical introduction and empirical method show high quality. California Institute of Technology 2007 Dissertation: Metric based upscaling for partial differential equations with a continuum of scales Mathematics Subject Classification: 65—Numerical analysis Nov 7, 2023 · This paper provides a comprehensive theoretical-practical framework on Biophilia, BD, and BU through a 60-year systematic literature review based on a three-metric approach (quality, quantity, and application). Potentially, the optimization problem in the RFM is more difficult to solve than those that arise in traditional Therefore, the proposed technique achieves significantly eΩ cient upscale quality metrics and consistently produces visually appealing and detail-rich im-ages as compared with slantlet transform-based upscaling, which has an upscaled blurred image. In this discussion, we will explore how to perform image upscaling using each of these techniques. The framework is built on a nonlinear nonlocal multicontinuum upscaling concept and significantly extends the results of earlier work A prominent example of a CNN-based upscaling method is Super-Resolution Generative Adversarial Networks (SRGANs). Nov 1, 2024 · You can scale your application based on metrics like CPU usage, queue length, and available memory. Dec 28, 2006 · Metric-based upscaling Houman Owhadi, Lei Zhang Pages: 675-723 First Published: 16 October 2006 Abstract PDF References Request permissions There is an intimate connection between numerical upscaling of multiscale PDEs and scattered data approximation of heterogeneous functions: the coarse variables selected for deriving an upscaled equation (in the former) correspond to the sampled information used for approximation (in the latter). Our methodology is based on the recently developed Non-local multicontinuum method (NLMC). Roberts and I. Aug 31, 2021 · di an L. In this thesis, we present rigorous results on homogenizationof Numerous upscaling techniques have been developed to describe these systems at a macroscopic level, these techniques are based on transfer of averaged quantities from a microscopic level to a macroscopic level. The oversampling refers to using larger regions in constructing multiscale basis functions and stable decomposition allows estimating the local errors. spec. etric-based upscaling. The rules include a minimum level of resources that you need to run your application and a maximum level of resources that won't be exceeded. SIAM Journal on Scienti c Computing, 29(4):1495{1510, 2007. In this thesis, we present rigorous results on homogenization of Dec 31, 2006 · Abstract Numerical upscaling of problems with multiple scale structures have attracted increasing attention in recent years. The process of obtaining upscaled models can be approached through various method-ologies and techniques. In this thesis, we present rigorous results on homogenizationof Apr 2, 2025 · AI-based upscaling goes further. Dec 1, 2024 · The performance metrics of the ML models at the tillering stage both for both downscaling and upscaling approaches using the full set of measured yields (i. A ademic Press, Inc. Determine the thresholds at which the service should scale up or down. SRGANs employ two competing networks: a generator and a discriminator. Jan 23, 2025 · CNN-based upscaling (SRCNN) achieved the best RMSE and PSNR scores, which is unsurprising since these are the metrics it is trained to directly minimise. Abstract Abstract: Machine learning has been widely used for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) in recent years, among which the random feature method (RFM) exhibits spectral accuracy and can compete with traditional solvers in terms of both accuracy and efficiency. Metric-based upscaling. provides a systematic literature review based on a 3-metric approach to promote biophilia for city planning. This work aims to propose and evaluate a machine learning-based approach to upscaling that leverages simulation-based methods in an efficient and practical way. Oct 26, 2017 · Image-based rock typing is carried out to quantitatively assess the heterogeneity of the reservoir specimen at a pore scale by classifying an image of a heterogeneous rock sample into a number of Sep 19, 2018 · In this work, we propose a general concept for constructing multiscale basis functions within Generalized Multiscale Finite Element Method, which uses oversampling and stable decomposition. There is an intimate connection between numerical upscaling of multiscale PDEs and scattered data approximation of heterogeneous functions: the coarse variables selected for deriving an upscaled equation (in the former) correspond to the sampled information used for approximation (in the latter). Our main goal is to develop domain decomposition preconditioners with the condition number that is independent of the contrast when there are variations within coarse Therefore, the proposed technique achieves significantly eΩ cient upscale quality metrics and consistently produces visually appealing and detail-rich im-ages as compared with slantlet transform-based upscaling, which has an upscaled blurred image. Cette in formation ne peut etre calculee directement sur les signaux reels et une formule appelee formalisme multifractal a ete introduite pour calculer ces dimensions a partir de quantites obtenues directement par traitement du signal. the full whole-field-average yields Cloud Computing Capabilities Since our tool utilizes cloud computing capabilities, users can access the upscaling service from any location and device. Metrics and schedules are set up in rules. Many existing upscaling methods have demonstrated significant success across various appli-cations. Depending on your needs, you might prefer to access data for your Auto Scaling groups and instances from Amazon CloudWatch instead of the Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling console. Upscaling pixel art is a specialized technique that enhances the resolution of these images without losing their characteristic aesthetic. e. Ph. The Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling console displays a series of graphs for the group metrics and the aggregated instance metrics for the group. A robust interpolation for multigrid based on the concepts of energy minimization and approximation is proposed, primarily designed for second-order elliptic PDEs, with possible extensions to other classes of problems such as integral equations. California Institute of Technology 2007 Dissertation: Metric based upscaling for partial differential equations with a continuum of scales Mathematics Subject Classification: 65—Numerical analysis and L. The precomputed basis functions are constructed based on selected realizations of the stochastic permeability field, and furthermore the solution is projected onto the finite Latini, Marco, Simulations and anal-ysis of two- and three-dimensional single-mode Richtmyer-Meshkov insta-bility using weighted essentially non-oscillatory and vortex methods. Zhang, Lei, Metric based upscaling for partial differential equations with a continuum of scales. Field cases and synthetic tests demonstrate the advantages of the method compared to legacy upscaling methods and fine scale simulations. Feb 4, 2025 · We handpick the top 10 AI image upscaler tools after testing them thoroughly, and some are entirely free and offer upscaling up to 4K. The diffusion model stands out with superior detection probability and LPIPS scores and joint best Rayleigh fit. Nov 7, 2023 · This paper provides a comprehensive theoretical-practical framework on Biophilia, BD, and BU through a 60-year systematic literature review based on a three-metric approach (quality, quantity, and Configure service auto scaling: Specify the scaling options for your service, including the scaling policies, target tracking configurations, and metric settings. Once the correct coarse parame- ters are identified (the bulk quantities and the up-scaled metric), one can try to model, estimate or simulate them but the first step is to identify them. Abstract Numerical upscaling of problems with multiple scale structures have attracted increasing attention in recent years. Deep learning models learn to reconstruct missing details from low-resolution inputs, predicting what should be there with remarkable accuracy. May 21, 2005 · We show that half of the information is lost in the process: an upscaled metric and an upscaled measure of volumes. Numerical upscaling of problems with multiple scale structures have attracted increasing attention in recent years. Multicontinuum models are widely used in many applications and some derivations for these models are established. Wang, and K. For evaluating upscaling methods, we also use various metrics (objective quality measures). In these models, several macroscopic variables at each macroscale point are defined and the resulting multicontinuum equations are formulated. Although canopy structure and diversity are crucial in regulating carbon and water fluxes by affecting photosynthetic capacity, turbulence, and seasonal dynamics, ML-based upscaling of these fluxes has typically relied on climate forcing data and satellite-derived vegetation indices, and overlooked structural diversity. The application also measures and compares performance metrics between the original and upscaled images, providing users with insights into Ph. Elle n'est pas Configure service auto scaling: Specify the scaling options for your service, including the scaling policies, target tracking configurations, and metric settings. We consider flow equations governed by elliptic equations in heterogeneous media with a large contrast in the coefficients. In this paper, we propose a general formulation and Mar 16, 2025 · At its core, PSSR is Sony’s proprietary AI-based upscaling technology designed specifically for the PS5 Pro. The analysis of multiscale methods involves Nov 1, 2023 · Biophilia Upscaling: A Systematic Literature Review Based on a Three-Metric Approach. , San Diego, CA, 1999. May 26, 2025 · The controller manager finds the target resource defined by the scaleTargetRef, then selects the pods based on the target resource's . tbvzuol401p6xrjfwkhvjibtckcwdyqtcowkzyhfmc7srqk7uyly